Anesthetic Pollution-Machine Leak Location

Vaporization results in equilibration of liquid anesthetic in expanded space by transfer to gas phase. Amount of gas produced is related to the vapor pressure of the anesthetic.

Key and pour filling devices.

Recommendations for filling vaporizers, machine assessment, patient connection, scavenging, and more.

Reasons and recommendations for training, service and monitoring practices to avoid pollution.

Common locations within the anesthetic machine that are prone to leaks.

Breakdown of circuits and abuse that results in leakage.

Location of leaks using a positive pressure test. Steps listed to perform before each use.

Steps listed to locate leaks proximal to a machine check valve (not detectable by Positive Test).

Recommendations for acceptable leak vs significant leak identification.

Simple problem-solving steps when a significant leak is identified.

A refined positive pressure test that assesses the machine separately from the circuit.

Method to identify small leaks is described using soapy solution applied to typical leak locations.

Technical details on filling vaporizers. Videos of proper technique and dangerous spills.

Leaks in machines and circuits. Pressure testing and techniques for locating.

Intubation concerns - proper tube location, cuff inflation and timing of inhalant use.

Inhalant induction or mask maintenance concerns. Scavenge use. Hospital ventilation role.

POLLUTION-FREE ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT

Home

Part I- Sources of Anesthetic Pollution

Part II- Awareness/Assessment

Vaporizers

Machine

Intubation

Other

Leaks

Typical locations

Circuits

Pressure Testing

Positive test

Negative test

Response to
leak identification

Locating Leaks

Simple process

Test refinement

Soaping

Leaks | Typical Locations

Gas leaks can occur anywhere connections or seals exist in your anesthetic machine. Pollution will result from leaks that involve or are distal to the vaporizer (as the oxygen and anesthetic flows toward the patient). Common areas include the disconnection site to allow Bain circuit connection, carbon dioxide absorber seals, circuit connections and bag.

Occasionally a leak may be found from valve covers that are not tightened, a faulty pop-off valve or a water trap screw left loose (on machines that have such).

If N2O is present on the machine, then high pressure leaks are also a concern. The line connection and tank yoke are the common sites.